Unit 1 pre-production techniques

Costs involved with making games

Publishing- Steam Greenlight has a one-time cost of £80 to publish your game on it. For XboxLive, there is a one-off payment of £4,100 to put it on the marketplace.

The Apple Developer Program has an annual fee of £80, whereas the Apple Developer Enterprise Program costs £243 per year. Apple take around 30% of all revenue accrued from the games developed and published, if the game is priced beforehand. If the game is free, then Apple take no royalties.

Google Play Developer costs £20 per year. If the game is free they do not take any royalties. If the game is priced then they take 30% of royalties.

Hardware

PS4 Dev kit cost £1995, however a xbox dev kit is £400. An Xbox 360 costs £190. An Xbox One costs £430. A PS3 costs £150. A PS4 costs £250. A good gaming PC will cost approximately.

Promotional Website

£8 a year for the URL and £8 a month.

Software

Unreal engine is a free software but when it comes to selling has a 5% royalty fee after you start to make $3000 per game per quarter. Unity is a subscription based software that you pay for monthly. But they don't take any royalties as you pay the monthly subscription. CRYENGINE is £45 a month but is completely royalty free. Gamemaker is a free piece of software and doesn’t state that it takes any royalties so therefore can’t take any when it comes to selling a game. Maya costs £170 a month and as they take a monthly fee they don’t take royalties.

Ratings Board

For PEGI ratings, there is a fee of £422 per game per platform. Other regions and rating boards will have different fees.

If the game cost more than$250,000 dollars the fee would be $4,000 dollars, if the cost of development was less than $250,000 dollars the fee would be$800.

IP Property and Copyright Protection

If you create something brand new then you automatically have copyright of it. To apply for a trademark it is currently £170.

References:

http://www.giantbomb.com/entertainment-software-ratings-board/3010-6476/

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14070239/what-are-the-fees-to-develop-on-ios-android-and-wp

https://www.cryengine.com/get-cryengine/memberships

http://www.copyrightservice.co.uk/services/price_list

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/trade-mark-forms-and-fees/trade-mark-forms-and-fees

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/patent-forms-and-fees/patent-forms-and-fees

https://www.reddit.com/r/gamemaker/comments/3pwwyc/question_what_is_the_revenue_share_to_yoyo_if_you/

Self Financing:

This is where you company makes enough money to fund yourself so you don't need any outside loans or other sources of money.

Bank Loans:

Most people that start up will not have the money to make a game by self funding and have to find other ways to get money such as a bank loan. A bank loan is over a set period usually of 3, 5 or 10 years. The interest you have to pay will rise and decrease depending on the amount of time and money you are requesting. if you wanted a lot of money over a large amount of time then the interest would be more than a small amount of money over little time. If you don't pay the loan back then

Indie Funding:


Indie fund is an organisation that provides funding for indie developers and the aim of the organisation is the encourage the next generation of indie developers. This is an alternative to a bank loan and would have less repercussions.

Crowd Funding:

Crowd Funding is an alternative way to finance a project which isn't as risky as a bank loan, with websites like indiegogo and kickstarter people will see a trailer and you explaining what the game is about and this can also create some fans while it is still in development as well as money. A good incentive for people to fund is by offering out a beta for people to play if they donate, this will give you feedback on what people think of the game. It usually involves a lot of people funding little amounts to create a large amount of money.

Grants:

Grants are often received from a big company/government an example is Epic Games, who give out Unreal Dev Grants which is a grant ranging from $5,000 - $50,000. There are no repercussions in a grant as you don't have to pay anything back, in the case of an Unreal Dev Grant Epic games doesn't have any restrictions with how the money is spent and you are still the owner of the IP.

Time Constraints:

Not everyone can work all hours you need them to, so you have about 5 days of 8 hours of work a week, this needs to be taken into consideration when planning for a deadline. Some software is OS exclusive software so whichever you choose windows, Macintosh or Linux there will be some programs that aren't on that system this forces you to rent/ buy new computers which can take time and money. When working to a deadline you also need to take into consideration that you need licenses the be cleared before you can work on things, if you dont have the right to work on a game then you could waste time and money. So you need to plan when to apply for licenses and the expected waiting time until you get permission.

Personnel: Depending on the size of the game, you will need a team/teams to create it. With big AAA there would be multiple teams which are divided into their role; Programmer, Artist, QA, Marketing etc. When planning to make a game then you also need to take into consideration the amount of people that you can afford, you cant hire too many people if you are not going to be able to pay them all in 1 year. You also need to take a good look at their CV to decide if they have enough experience.


Materials:

In games design when planning and bringing ideas to life is essential, to do this you will need things like card and paper. These things are fairly cheap but need to be taken into consideration. There are plenty of places to get free assets like sound and photos. FreeSound.org and opengameart.org are great places to look. If you anything that is not made by you then you need to make sure that they are under the creative commons else you could be facing copyright claims. Which is the last thing you need when making a game.

Contributors:

Some games require actors for the cutscenes they will put actors in morph suit with white blass on them an eample of this is in the NBA series they use the actual basketball player to get their shots perfect. The other kind of actors is voice actors an example of voice actors being used is in the iOS app my singing monsters. The monesters sing so they hired proffessionals to make different soudn that the monsters could make.

Intellectual property rights and licenses:

https://www.gov.uk/intellectual-property-an-overview/what-ip-is

If you have the intellectual rights to something be it the name of a product/brand, an invention of yours or just something that you have wrote/produced. Then you own that piece of work and no one can copy that from you else that you infringe the copyright/trademark law. The property has to be physical; if you have the idea for a hit game and someone else makes it then it isn't your intellectual property, you have to have made the game (or parts of it ) or have written the plan in depth for the game. You can also buy intellectual rights from someone to take over that certain product. If you are employed then most likely you do not own the rights to anything you make but if your contract specifically states then you will own it then you do own that product.

Consumer Protection:

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_protection

Consumer protection protects the consumers from things such as false advertisement, in the game industry this could be the company advertising an amazing level with spaceships and big battle in a 3d arena but then when it comes out it is a 2d platformed. This is an extremely drastic case which wouldn't happen but it gets the point across. A recent game that came out was No Mans Sky where as a lawsuit was being thought about it never happened as Hello Games got away with saying that there would be multiplayer and there wasn't. This is one case where this law was practised in the real world.

Age Ratings:

http://www.askaboutgames.com/age-rating-info/

PEGI is the sole system for new console and PC games. The ratings from given by PEGI are 3, 7, 12, 16, 18, in the UK PEGI ratings over 12 are enforcable meaning that they can refuse to supply people under the age rating for the game, PEGI is the official age rating in europe. You need to get your game rated in age before you can sell it as you dont want a young gamer to see some graphic scenes in certain games.

Marketing and Advertising laws:

https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law/overview

All marketing and advertising must be:

• an accurate description of the product or service
• legal
• decent
• truthful
• honest
• socially responsible (not encouraging illegal, unsafe or anti-social behaviour)

These bullet points are the regulations for advertising a product, this ensures that the consumer is not getting played by the developer. This on top of the consumer protection laws means that consumers shouldn't have to worry about what they are buying and if they liked what they saw then they were going to get it.
There are 2 codes of advertising  which are CAP non-broadcast code and the CAP broadcast code. The non broadcast code covers all non broadcast advertising such as print and telesales, and the broadcast covers all broadcasts such as TV and Radio. Three specifications included in the non broadcast code are not to advertise to children, advertise politics and offend anyone. The broadcast code asks that businesses are accurate and accurate about their product.

Data Protection and Privacy:

https://www.gov.uk/data-protection/the-data-protection-act

Data protection regulates how companies use your personal information, it asks that the information is used:

• used fairly and lawfully
• used for limited, specifically stated purposes
• used in a way that is adequate, relevant and not excessive
• accurate
• kept for no longer than is absolutely necessary
• handled according to people’s data protection rights
• kept safe and secure
• not transferred outside the European Economic Area without adequate protection

Gambling:

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-gambling-regulation/2010-to-2015-government-policy-gambling-regulation

The gambling act 2005 regulates how gambling should be done in great britain, covering things such as bingo, casinos and arcade machines. it ensures that gambling is:

• crime-free
• fair and open
• and that children and vulnerable adults are protected

In gaming people under the age of 18 are not allowed to gamble, recently there has been a big crackdown on Counter strike: Global Offensive as they have in game items in the for m of weapon skins that are worth real currency and people have been playing games such as blackjack and other gambling game to make/lose money. The problem is that a lot of young children were doing this and using their parents money, this caused a lawsuit to go to that games way.

Health and Safety:

Every business should have a health and safety policy to protect their employees, a health and safety policy usually makes it so there are training programs in place to make sure the employees are using equipment the right way. But if an employee does use something wrong that they have been trained in and got injured then the company is not at fault and doesn't have to pay for any damages. There should also be things like allocated staff that are first aid trained and know what to do if something is to go wrong. 

Contracts of Employment

Contracts of Employment


A contract is a legally binding contract, in this contract you can find things such as hours worked, holidays and also things like if you get paid for suck leave and if you have to stay late if you are asked to. In a typical games design job role you will get roughly 35 hours a week Mon-Fri (unless asked to come in on the weekend to meet a deadline or just stay a couple of hours later.) Usually you will get 5 weeks holiday on top of bank holidays, Some workplaces will have extra holidays such as Hanukkah and other religious events. Depending on your contract you may get sick leave, this means that if you have a sick day you get payed your basic hours for that day, but if you have a lot of time off then you may start to get paid half or no money at all. Some contract s will require you to stay behind if asked but if nothing is mentioned then usually you can be asked but not required to stay. If a family member was seriously ill then you would get compassionate leave and this can be paid or unpaid this is up to what your contract says.

Benefits:

According to Game Developer, 96 percent of game designers received some form of benefits in 2012. Roughly 84 percent received medical benefits, 80 percent got dental benefits, and 70 percent had access to a company-sponsored retirement plan. In addition to benefits, 79 percent of game designers reportedly received income other than their salary through bonuses, royalties, stock options and employer contributions to retirement plans.

Confidentiality:

You are not legally allowed in most spread around what you company is doing while you are working there as they need to keep their ideas a secret form their competitors. 

Inventions:

If you make a game while under the terms of a contract then that game is legally the companies property and they have all of the rights to that game.  It is up to them to decide if you get any royalties or not. So it is best to make a game as an independent company and have it as your own.

Development Agreements:

A development agreement is a contract which states the terms and conditions of a partnership between a development company and a publishing company. The whereases, is a paragraph where the word whereas is used too much, In simple terms it is clearly stating the intent of the development agreement. Saying that the development company will make a game and the publishing company will publish it, also confirming the name of the game and such. The terms of the a development are where the contracts will state the amount the money the developer will be paid by the publisher and how long the developing company has the make the game. Also if royalties are involved then that will be negotiated between the parties and the final decision will be in the terms of the contract. In the development agreement it will also clearly state which party will own the game and/or IP. This will show which party owns the what, to see if the developer owns the IP or owns the source code. In the warranties part of the contract is both companies are covering themselves from being sued. An example of this is the publishing company will make the developer swear that the code they use is purely theirs and is not stolen from another company. Next there is a termination section where it will state the protocol if something happens to stop the deal happening before the game is fully finished and released. In the legal part of the contract it has a lot of legal language but sometimes includes a "work for hire" clause. This is to ensure that any work made by the person hired in from the outside (music, code or art) is passed to the one hiring the contractor. The end of the contract usually has a lot of the important stuff, these are referred to as appendices these important things consist of money plans; payment schedules, royalties or if the developer gets a bonus at certain milestones. Publishers do this so that they don't lose as much money if the game does badly, so if it does do well and the publisher makes money then the developers will also make more money for the good job. Confidentiality agreements signed by all employees of the development company are included with this contract. And finally the IP is signed over to whoever was assigned it in the ownership clause of the contract. 

License Agreements:
 
In this contract it will state what is being licensed; certain characters maybe off limits to the game as they plan to do something with them in the film, it will state everything that they are getting out of the contract. You only buy a Licence agreement when you're making a game about something such as a film which IP is owned by someone else and you have to buy rights for them. The publisher generally gets to pick what platform they want to publish on but each console costs to do that, so it would cost more money for the more consoles you wanted to release on. The publisher has to decide what regions they want the game to be released in, again it is the same problem of the licencor charging more money for the more regions you want. Obviously the best scenario is being able to publish global to maximize sales but sometimes it is not possible. Also there is usually a time limit for the contract, the average is between 3-5 years as most publishers get bored with a product after prolonged periods of time. Next it also states how much the publisher will be paying for the license, as a guarantee they usually have to pay an upfront fee and then get payed on how popular the game is. This gives the publishers an incentive to make a good game and also a fall back for the people selling the license. Another example of a license agreement is what you always click without reading when doing a update for computer software, this is known as a E.U.L.A (End User License Agreement.) 

NDA:

NDA stands for Non-Disclosure Agreement and is also known as a disclosure agreement or confidentiality agreement. This contract is between 2 or more parties, where all of the parties will give each other a secret about there company, if this secret is to get out then there will be a court case about it. The contract will make sure that these secretes are disclosed to the public.

Collaboration agreements:

In a collaboration agreement it will state the intent of both/all parties in the allocation of materials, facilities, research and data. It is setup to cover small indie developers for compensation and such. In this contract it will also cover which party ownership, finance and most of the things that are included in a development agreement.

References:
http://work.chron.com/pay-benefits-becoming-video-game-designer-22151.html
https://keenaro.wordpress.com/contractual-legal-and-ethical-obligations-in-the-games-industry/
http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=14076&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html

Game brief

The Woods:

Game brief:

Story line -

At the start of the game you will be presented on a flight with you son sleeping on your arm, the announcer tells the passengers that there is expected turbulence. The plane violently shakes and then the lights flicker and everyone is in panic. The front half of the plane flies off and you are in the back part and are plummeting into the ground . You wake and you are on the ground covered in blood and you see that your son is being taken away by what looks like a tribesman. Then you fall back asleep. You wake on the plane and are left to fight for yourself, you need to gather as many supplies as you can survive and find your son...

The Gameplay:

You can gather things with with (E) and you can take things from the plane such as soda and snack bars to keep your hunger and thirst at healthy levels. You leave the plane and there are suitcases lying around, you have to break them open with an axe that you found in the plane, you can find useful things such as cloth and medication which restore health. In the main part of the game you just need to survive. You need to build to protect yourself from the native tribesman. They are very aggressive and attack on sight.The more of these tribesman that you kill the more powerful they get, You can survive bye catching rabbits, killing lizards,fish and deer. Rabbits skin can be used for a quiver, a pouch for collecting berries or some winter boots to keep you warm. Lizards skin can be used as armour and when you're hit by a tribesman the damage is taken off of the armour rather than you health. For water you can kill turtles and use their shells and sticks to make a water collector and drink from it when needed or try and find some clean water to drink from. There are many survival aspects in this game. The aim of the game is to get a good base setup where you can survive and eat food, but he mission is to find your son.

Pros and Cons of Gaming Platforms

Pros and Cons of Gaming Platforms

Sam Warren

 

Mobile Gaming

Pros:

• Good graphics
• Simple controls (for most games)
• Low cost games make for great value
• Good pass time
• Some games developed such as flappy bird and color switch can become very addictive to play
• Has things such as leaderboards to create an feel of community and competitiveness 
• Games can be played on the go for example on the bus or waiting for something like a class or meeting

Cons:

• Most games on mobile are either very easy but have a good story or lack any story and are something such as flappy bird and color switch and are seemingly impossible which is where the addictiveness comes in as people feel like they have to finish the game
• Controls maybe simple but on a small touch screen phone it can be very awkward to use the controls
• Mobile have a lot of bugs that are usually when players are loading into the game and it crashes
• As it is hard to create new and innovative levels on Mobile because of the restrictions the games can be boring and seem repetitive

Arcade Games: 

Pros:

• People enjoy the classic games that were first brought out in the 70's
• It costs everytime someone plays so the person who owns it can make a lot of money from it
• Arcade machines are usually located in an arcade which encourages people to leave the house and go to the arcade
• Because of the leaderboards there is a big competitive scene around arcade games as people strive to be that person at the top with the highest score

Cons:

•  The cost to play is good for the owner but can empty the pockets of keen gamers who want to be on the leaderboards
• The graphics of arcade machines not very advanced due to the time of release
• A lot of the hype around arcade machines has disappeared as console and PC gaming has become more popular over the years this means that they are not used as frequently
• The machines could only have on game on each which meant that to have 5 games you would need 5 machines which take up space and money

Console Gaming: 

Pros:

• Get most of the mainstream games that are high quality and sometimes console exclusives
• Very easy to setup and use
• Online multiplayer gives players a chance to socialise and make new friends
• With the online multiplayer services such as Xbox live you can get cool perks such as game discount, free games every month and services such as Youtube and Twitch
• Graphics are usually quite good you have the choice of buying games from the online store or you could go out and buy a physical copy to add to a collection
• If you get a physical copy it can be sold on when you are finished with it to get some of your money back

Cons:

• Because of the enhanced graphics a lot of people moan that you sometimes don't even get 30fps
• Most games that come out for consoles have a hefty price tag on them ranging from £40-£60  which is too expensive for people like casual gamers
• With consoles most of the features included require Wifi which can be a pain as a lot of people are cursed with bad Internet or Internet that can only handle casual use such as phones or laptops but when it comes to downloading a 40GB game to your console it can really take some time
• Like mobile games some console games are very addicting but in a different way, with console games they grip you as you travel through vast worlds or enjoy a very thought through storyline and it makes the player want to go back and play to see what happens next

PC Gaming:

Pros:

• Very good graphics and performance - better than consoles if you spend good money on a decent rig
• Have an extremely wide range of games that are mostly indie but also have some mainstream games such as Fallout, Skyrim and The Witcher
•  MMO's work very well on PC and are very popular
• Have a good multiplayer experience and a vast community that in my opinion are more active in forums which can help a lot when trying to get past a level or fix a bug
• Has the flexibility to play with a keyboard and mouse or you can plug in a controller and play with that
• Platforms such as steam have a lot of offers on a regular basis (Small ones every weekend and very big one on every holiday)
• With console you are stuck with the hardware that you are given but with a PC you can customise and constantly update things like your drivers which optimise your performance

Cons:

• To get a PC that can run all the high quality games on ultra settings you need to put some good money into a rig but if you spend the same amount you would on a console you could definitely get better performance from the PC
• Because of the constant sales it is very enticing to spend that last bit of cash you had lying around which can be a bad thing
• To get a good PC for the price you pay you need to do a lot of research on which graphics card, power source, monitor, mouse, keyboard, what processor and how many and a lot more things that need to be taken in to consideration, as well as this it need to be built which is not a thing that some can do by just guessing
• A rig setup can be very messy due to wires but with good management and use of cabletidys then it can be made neat

Jobs in Gaming industry

Understand organisational structures in the game industry

QA Tester

Test, tune and debug a game and suggest refinements that ensure its quality and play-ability, assuring quality in a game and finding all its flaws before it goes public.

Audio Engineer

Create the soundtrack for a game, including music, sound effects, character voices and spoken instructions.

Have to be able to compose music and to be able to create an atmosphere for a game. Good communication skills and needs to be creative. You also need to be good at working towards deadlines.

Animator

Responsible for the portrayal of movement and behaviour within a game.

An animator has to have knowledge of 2D and 3D animation techniques, also to be creative and have good communication skills.

Games Artist

Responsible for creating an online infrastructure for a game, and ensuring the stability and security of the web services.

Lead Artist

Responsible for the overall look of the game.

Creative Director

Responsible for the overall look and feel of the game.

Be able to inspire developers and designers to make high quality material and give them a good feel for the theme that they are making it for. You need to have a passion for games and be extremely creative.

DevOps Engineer

Solve problems for the developers and designers. Also creating and maintaining network systems for games with online components

Be able to use C++ and C as well as key network programming languages. Have good communication skills and also be very organised. Be able to work towards deadlines and come up with creative solutions for problems that may arise. 

Assistant Producer

Create and implement marketing campaigns to maximise the sales of games.

Good management and communication skills also have a good eye for detail.

Lead Programmer

Lead the programming team responsible for creating all the games computer codes.

Technical Artist

Acts as a bridge between the Artists and the programmers working on the game.

External Producer

External Producers ensure the succesful delivery of a game, while working externally from the game development team.

Be able to manage people, time and multiple projects. Have a passion for games and a clear understanding of the roles and requirements involved in the gaming industry.

Game Programmer

Game Programmers design and wite the computer code that runs and controls a game.

Game Designer

Game designers devise what a game consists of and how it plays, defining all the core elements.

Narrative Copyrighter

Writing dialogue and incidental copy for a game, fuses a knowledge of games and game design with writing talent to create a beautifully crafted interactive.

Level Editor

Define and create interactive architecture for a segment of a game, including the landscape and buildings.

Product Manager

Create and implement marketing campaigns to maximise the sales of games.

Project Manager

Ensure the successful delivery of a game.

Top Ten Games

Top Ten Games

1. NBA 2K17

NBA 2K17 is a basketball simulation game which allows you to play as some of the top NBA stars of today and of history. My personal favourite mode is My Career which allows you to create a player and pick what height what position and customise him to a great extent, they even have a feature where you can scan you face and make your basketball player look like you. You start as a rookie and work you way to become a better rating, then try to get into a team perfect for you if you have reached the top of the NBA you can also take your player to My Park which allows player to team up with other people online and play 5v5 4v4 3v3 2v2 and such. Through your journey a story is told of you and your friend in the NBA Justice Young (played by Micheal B Jordan) and how you create a dynamic duo called orange juice and dominate the NBA.

2. Battlefield 1
Battlefield 1 is a first person shooter that has a massive multiplayer following where people fight in WW2. The online is the most part of the game and what most people spend their time on. But the game does have a campaign that lasts for a good amount of time. Since the game is yet to come out i cant say much about the story, but i played in the open beta and the multiplayer was very immersive and fun to play.

3. The Culling

This game is a purely multiplayer gruesome first person fight to the death hunger games kind of theme. In every game you start in a box and find yourself with nothing and in your briefs!
You find buildings and craft things like stone daggers and spears to defend yourself, in the building you can find better gear such as bludgeon weapons or even a knife. anything that is found can be traded in a machine for F.U.N.C this is used to craft things and also call in specialities like airdrops. Before going into a game you get to pick what airdrop that you want some cost more than others, such as a knife and a stun gun would cost less than body armour and a revolver. The story is left up to fans to figure out why you are killing each other and who put you in there.

4. Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege

This is is another online game that doesn't have a single player, it is a competitive 5v5 game where one team is attacking and one team is defending, this switched every round. The objective changes ever time between the three types of hostage, biohazard container or 2 bombs. Each team has different operators to play as who each have unique abilities such as extra armour for the team or can put up deplyable cameras. But these operators have to be bought with the renown that you earn from matches. There isnt a story for this game, the closest thing to it is the bio for the operators which tells the player where they trained and such.

5. Skyrim
This game is an open world fantasy game, it immerses you from the start as you get sentenced to death but just before they chop your head off a dragon attacks and you have to run and escape to tell the jarl of whiterun about what happened. The amount of quests in this game is unbelievable there are some that are not the main story line but are still as interesting and then there is the main story line which leads you through a mystical journey to release your inner shout and to consume dragons as you find that you are a dragon born. Whether you are doing quests or just on free roam it is still interesting as a dragon can attack at anytime....

6. Dragon Age Inquisition
Dragon age is an open world game with a big aspect of story, depending on what you do you can change the story in different ways. In the start of the game you wake up being held prisoner and being interrogated. You have a strange mark on your hand that can close rifts that spawn demons. You work your way up to eventually become the inquisitor and lead people to a hideaway castle that save peoples lives. There is and online aspect to it where you can pick more races that do different things from single player and you fight in a team of four to carry out various quests. And as suggested in the title there are dragons and they are extremely hard to beat in total there are ten dragons scaling in difficulty.

7. Diablo 3
This game lets you pick from various different classes such as demon hunter, mage, witch doctor or monk. After you have made a character you follow a series of quests through talking to people and learning more about the story. You kill many monsters and various demons to get better gear for you character. The real beauty of the game is in the reaper of souls expansion pack, this allows you to freely roam all the missions that you have done so you can really grind certain mobs to get the gear that you want. It also lets you do rifts that are extremely hard but rewarding.

8. ARK: Survival Evolved
Again this game is online and this is based in the primitive time when dinosaurs were still around and you are a human and have to build a base to protect yourself from the dinosaurs and other player on your server. You can tame dinosaurs, some dinosaurs tame n different ways, first you have to knockout the dinosaur this is done with a non lethal weapon or narcotic arrows. Then you have to figure our of the dino is herbivore or carnivore so you can give it raw meat or berries. then the dino eats what you put in its inventory while it is asleep, but you have to keep it asleep by feeding it narcotics as well. this is just one aspect of the game that can be mastered and can take up to 3 hours to tame something like a T-rex. There is a story but it is a very vague one and you find out more in the end game but it takes quite a long time to get to that.

9. Reign of Kings

Reign of Kings is an online role playing game with no single player aspects. You create a character with the customisation mechanic and join a server that you like, there is no story you create a story as it is a RPG the main aim of the game is to become king. The king gets to set tax and live in the castle, people live throughout the lands role playing as different things suck as lumberjacks, hunters, bards, tavern owners and many more. It is set in the medieval time and you fight with steel armour and great swords. You can build seigeworks such as a trebuchet or a balista. 

10.Mount and Blade Warband
This is a sequel in the Mount and Blade series and the most recent one, in this RPG you again get to create your character but in this game you get to put point into attributes such as archery, leadership and swords. The aim of the game is to make peace with all of the lands, there are 5 factions in the game: Khergit Khanate, Kingdom of Nords, Kingdom of Rhodoks, Kingdom of Swadia and the Kingdom of Vaegirs. You start out on your own and start to gather a following by going to villages and asking for volunteers, you then fight bandits and such to train the volunteers in to trained swordsman and they get better ranks the more they fight. eventually you can join a kingdom or you can try to overthrow one. From there its your choice- make peace with everyone or fight everyone until you own all kingdoms.

Ethics

L3 Game Design

Unit 78: Digital Graphics For Computer Games

Ethics: Impact of computer games on society

Concerns such as excess playing time

Some people play games way too much which is known as excessive play time or a gaming addiction. Problems with gaming addictions include mental and physical issues such as putting on weight, social insecurities, eating irregularities, migraines and carpal tunnel sydrome.

Social Isolation

Some people immerse there selves so much into a game that they cant differ the real world and the digital world. In some cases people have lost all of their social skills and only know how to socialise in online games but when it comes to talking in real life they find it extremely difficult to come across normal and are very nervous. People can feel very lonely even though they are socialising through games they don't have any friends in real life.

Cost

Some games have in-game purchases which the player can buy to enhance their experience or make the game easier. These purchases can be taken to extremes where people could spend upwards of £1000 on games that are free to play. But then some games such CS:GO have crates that are only opened using keys, both using money to obtain these things people will open crates and try to get good skins for their guns. These skins can be sold on the steam market for money and people also gamble for skins which loses them money. The rush of getting a good skin brings them back to buy more and they spend more and more money on the game.

Separation from reality

Some people play a game way too much and become engrossed, so engrossed that they sometimes cant tell the difference between real life and the virtual world. In extreme cases people have tried to repeat what they have seen in a video game and actually ended up hurting/killing someone.